Lesson 13

听力部分

听力练习

一级练习：听力填空［难度系数★］

本课的主题 “科技历史” 在TOEFL听力考试里多次出现。先用一段简单的TOEFL听力小段子练一下听写填空，试一试！

The Halloween costume__________(1)is one of the most baffling displays of__________(2)and vain__________(3)at cleverness that__________(4)witness. Exactly__________(5)it was “__________(6)” to wear a mass-produced turd costume is completely__________(7）, but they exist nonetheless. Join us as__________(8)and declare holy war on America!

听说练习

一级练习：口语问答［难度系数★］

本课主题在较长的四级听力真题段落题里出现。以下录音的速度适当放慢了，挑战一下吧！

1. What is one of the funniest parts of Halloween? 计时1分钟，回答开始…

2. List at least three types of Halloween costume mentioned in the article. 计时1分钟，回答开始…

3. What is the key to getting a popular Halloween costume you want? 计时1分钟，回答开始…

听力原文如下（阴影部分为答案核心内容）

Much more than a paper mask, Halloween costumes have significantly changed over the years with great improvements, everything from licensed characters to classic Halloween costumes such as a witch or pumpkin.

(1)One of the funniest parts of Halloween is being able to be someone you're not normally the other 364 days of the year. In fact, this is one of the main reasons why Halloween costumes have experienced tremendous growth over the past decade.

(2)Today, there are literally thousands of different Halloween costumes available and for all type of situations including adult costumes, children's costumes, group costumes, couple costumes and even outfits for the pets who love Halloween. If dreamers can dream it up, Halloween costume makers can build it.

(3)As with any popular costume, the key to getting the Halloween costume you want is to get it early. In fact, over 30% of Halloween costumes are purchased during the summer months including June, July, August and September. This way, you're able to get the specific type of costume you wish before the mad Halloween costume rush takes place. Below are a few links to costume-related resources, outlets and seasonal Halloween costume shops. Hopefully... you'll find what you're seeking.

二级练习：复读与背诵［难度系数★★］

刚才三个口语练习的答案是本课主题的关键表达，一定要积累成自己的口语素材。

第一步：看着上面画线的文字跟读一遍。录音中读一句停止后，您读一句。

第二步：请自己说出下面句子空白的部分，同声跟读已写出的部分。

第一遍：

1. ___________________________________ is being able to be someone you're not normally the other 364 days of the year. In fact, this is one of the main reasons why Halloween costumes have ___________________________________________________.

2. Today, there are literally ___________________________________________________ and for all type of situations _______________________, children's costumes, _________________, couple costumes and even outfits for the pets who love Halloween.

3. ___________________________, the key to getting the Halloween costume you want is to get it early. In fact, over 30% of Halloween costumes are ________________________________ including June, July, August and September.

第二遍：

1. One of the funniest parts of Halloween is _______________________________________ the other 364 days of the year. _____________________________________ why Halloween costumes have experienced tremendous growth over the past decade.

2. Today, there are literally thousands of different Halloween costumes available and ____________________ including adult costumes, __________________, group costumes, ____________________________________.

3. As with any popular costume, ______________________________________________ is to get it early. In fact, __________________________________ are purchased during the summer months ________________________________________.

第三步：自己试着完整地背诵一遍。（计时3分钟，背诵开始…）

词汇与语法

词汇测试

一级练习：［难度系数★］

本课新学的词汇出现在高考、四级和六级考试中。挑战一下吧！

临考情境模拟：每题控制在1分钟内，本级测试限时10分钟，请把计时器调到10分钟。计时开始！

考查词汇：patient

1. My mother always gets a bit ______ if we don't arrive when we say we will.

A. anxious

B. ashamed

C. weak

D. patient

［高考真题］

考查词汇：effective

2. When we plan our vacation, mother often offers ______ suggestions.

A. careful

B. practical

C. effective

D. acceptable

［高考真题］

3. A lawyer needs an ______ secretary.

A.inefficient

B.efficient

C.effective

D.sufficient

［四级真题］

考查词汇：frighten

4. The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't ______ her grip on my arm.

A. loosen

B. remove

C. relieve

D. dismiss

［四级真题］

考查词汇：patient

5. You should have been more patient ______ that customer; I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.

A. of

B. with

C. for

D. at

［四级真题］

考查词汇：consist

6. There has been a collision ______ a number of cars on the main road to town.

A. composing

B. consisting

C. involving

D. engaging

［四级真题］

考查词汇：fancy

7. The film provides a deep ______ into a wide range of human qualities and feelings.

A. insight

B. fancy

C. imagination

D. outlook

［四级真题］

考查词汇：intend

8. She had recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of the company's client data, which she intended to ______ in starting her own business.

A. dwell on

B. base on

C. draw upon

D. come upon

［六级真题］

考查词汇：impatient

9. The members of Parliament were ______ that the government had not consulted them.

A. impatient

B. tolerant

C. crude

D. indignant

［六级真题］

考查词汇：effective

10. These differences are seen to carry advantages for companies, because they expand the range of techniques that can be used to help the company manage its workforce ______.

A. effectively

B. evidently

C. precisely

D. aggressively

［六级真题］

二级练习：［难度系数★★］

本课新学的词汇在较难的专业四级和考研考试里出现，挑战一下吧！

临考情境模拟：每题控制在2分钟内，本级测试限时4分钟，请把计时器调到4分钟。计时开始！

考查词汇：dress up

1. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______ so formally.

A. needn't dress up

B. did not need have dressed up

C. did not need dress up

D. needn't have dressed up

［考研真题］

考查词汇：intend

2. A liquid can be kept in an open container and fills it to the level of a free surface. A gas forms no free surface but ______ to diffuse throughout the space available.

A. intends

B. tends

C. inclines

D. contends

［专业四级真题］

三级练习：［难度系数★★★］

本课新学的词汇在需要翻译的难句里出现，挑战一下吧！

临考情境模拟：每题控制在3分钟内，本级测试限时3分钟，请把计时器调到3分钟。计时开始！

考查词汇：consist

Each departmental program consists, in part, of a grouping of subjects in the department's areas of professional interest and, in part, of additional opportunities for students of their choice.

［四、六级考试阅读长难句］

______________________________

语法积累

临考情境模拟：请将本部分学习时间控制在10分钟内，请把计时器调到10分钟。计时开始！

原文：When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he(S)fled(V）, slamming the door behind him.

译文：理查兹夫人朝他走去，只见他“砰”的一声关上门逃走了。

• 分词作状语：主语一致的分词作状语。句子的主语(S)在发生动作(V)时，这个主语(S)在做另一个动作(V')。这另一个动作(V')处于从属地位，为了不抢主句(S + V)的风头，不能用谓语动词的形式表达，只能下降为非谓语动词。常用以下4种非谓语动词形式表示：to do不定式/V-ing分词/V-ed分词/形容词。

• 常见结构：S + V, doing/done

• 写作中何时使用：在描写句子主语发生的主要动作时，同时做了次要动作。这两个动作同时发生。用分词伴随主句，使句子产生生动的画面感。

语法链接

请将下面这个并列句合为一个带有非谓语动词的句子。一定注意，哪个句子应该作主句以及非谓语词的形式。

I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it and I was petrified.

______________________________

阅读部分

一级练习：［难度系数★］

本课主题 “生活中的小麻烦” 在较难的专业四级阅读里出现。试一试下面的文章和题目！

临考情境模拟：请在7分钟内读完文章，6分钟做完题。请把计时器调到13分钟。计时开始！

The train clattered over points and passed through a station.

Then it began suddenly to slow down, presumably in obedience to a signal. For some minutes it crawled along, then stopped; presently it began to move forward again. Another up-train passed them, though with less vehemence than the first one. The train gathered speed again. At that moment another train, also on a down-line, swerved inwards towards them, for a moment with almost alarming effect. For a time the two trains ran parallel, now, one gaining a little, now the other. Mrs. McGillicuddy looked from her window through the window of the parallel carriages. Most of the blinds were down, but occasionally the occupants of the carriages were visible. The other train was not very full and there were many empty carriages.

At the moment when the two trains gave the illusion of being stationary, a blind in one of the carriages flew up with a snap. Mrs. McGillicuddy looked into the lighted first-class carriage that was only a few feet away.

Then she drew her breath in with a gasp and half-rose to her feet.

Standing with his back to the window and to her was a man. His hands were round the throat of a woman who faced him, and he was slowly, remorselessly, strangling her. Her eyes were starting from their sockets, her face was purple. As Mrs. McGillicuddy watched, fascinated, the end came; the body went limp and crumpled in the man's hands.

At the same moment, Mrs. McGillicuddy's train slowed down again and the other began to gain speed. It passed forward and a moment or two later it had vanished from sight.

Almost automatically Mrs. McGillicuddy's hand went up to the communication cord, then paused, irresolute. After all, what use would it be ringing the cord of the train in which she was travelling? The horror of what she had seen at such close quarters, and the unusual circumstances, made her feel paralysed. Some immediate action was necessary—but what?

The door of her compartment was drawn back and a ticket collector said, “Ticket, please.”

1. When Mrs. McGuillicuddy's train passed through a station, it ______.

A. gained speed suddenly

B. kept its usual speed

C. changed its speed

D. stopped immediately

2. Mrs. McGuillicuddy seems to be a(n)______ person.

A. observant

B. interested

C. nosy

D. nervous

3. What she saw in the parallel train made her feel ______.

A. excited

B. anxious

C. worried

D. horrified

4. She didn't ring the communication cord immediately because ______.

A. she was very much afraid

B. there was no point of doing so

C. she was too shocked to move

D. the ticket collector came in

写作部分

本课介绍了节日party的趣事，这里给大家提供一些西方节日的写作素材，方便大家积累下来，在西方文化、旅游等写作命题中使用。

写作素材

As to American, many traditions are associated with the holiday.

The most common tradition is

• dressing in Halloween costumes in fancy party

• making the pumpkin the official Jack-o-lantern

• the tradition of trick-or-treating(Over time the custom changed and the town's children became the beggars. As they went from house to house they would be given apples, buns, and money. During the Pioneer days of the American West, the housewives would give the children candy to keep from being tricked. The children would shout “Trick or Treat!”.)

Thanksgiving is a time for families to create traditions and memories that last a lifetime.

• a huge and lavish meal, usually with Turkey as the centerpiece

• a special prayer of thanks precedes the meal

• Family members will each mention something they are very thankful for.

西方人眼中的中国感恩节——中秋节

The ancient Chinese celebrated their harvest festival, known as Chung Ch'ui, with the full moon that fell on the 15th day of the 8th month. This day was considered the birthday of the Moon and special “moon cakes,” round and yellow like the moon, would be baked. Each cake was stamped with the picture of a rabbit since it was a rabbit, and not a man, which the Chinese perceived to be on the face of the Moon. Families would gather together to partake of a thanksgiving meal, feasting on roasted pig, harvested fruits and the “moon cakes.” It was believed that during the three-day festival of Chung Ch'ui, flowers would fall from the Moon and those who saw them would be rewarded with good fortune.